The 2022 Research Leaders are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021.
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# | Institution | Share 2020 | Share 2021 | Count 2021 | Change in Adjusted Share* 2020–2021 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China | 572.87 | 641.21 | 2385 | 3.6% |
2 | Max Planck Society, Germany | 330.50 | 336.46 | 1246 | -5.8% |
3 | French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France | 267.35 | 258.98 | 1717 | -10.3% |
4 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States of America (USA) | 223.36 | 236.11 | 781 | -2.2% |
5 | University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), China | 184.31 | 226.20 | 725 | 13.6% |
6 | Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, Germany | 237.03 | 225.81 | 1060 | -11.8% |
7 | Tsinghua University, China | 165.16 | 210.70 | 765 | 18.1% |
8 | Harvard University, United States of America (USA) | 190.99 | 206.25 | 682 | -0.1% |
9 | Stanford University, United States of America (USA) | 207.47 | 203.80 | 587 | -9.1% |
10 | The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan | 216.90 | 202.01 | 642 | -13.8% |
11 | Peking University (PKU), China | 166.78 | 185.79 | 766 | 3.1% |
12 | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), China | 143.25 | 179.74 | 1046 | 16.1% |
13 | Nanjing University (NJU), China | 134.53 | 171.42 | 468 | 17.9% |
14 | National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy | 150.17 | 167.36 | 797 | 3.1% |
15 | Zhejiang University (ZJU), China | 114.27 | 165.30 | 450 | 33.9% |
16 | University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK) | 177.10 | 155.08 | 500 | -19.0% |
17 | Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), China | 117.06 | 146.79 | 492 | 16.1% |
18 | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland | 143.30 | 142.12 | 378 | -8.2% |
19 | University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), United States of America (USA) | 136.02 | 138.65 | 622 | -5.7% |
20 | Fudan University, China | 90.35 | 129.12 | 428 | 32.3% |
21 | Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia | 118.35 | 128.01 | 578 | 0.1% |
22 | National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore | 139.62 | 127.50 | 356 | -15.5% |
23 | University of Oxford, United Kingdom (UK) | 126.73 | 125.76 | 527 | -8.2% |
24 | Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore | 107.17 | 118.87 | 341 | 2.7% |
25 | Princeton University, United States of America (USA) | 117.07 | 112.60 | 398 | -11.0% |
26 | Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea | 107.66 | 108.71 | 260 | -6.5% |
27 | Soochow University, China | 78.64 | 108.25 | 252 | 27.4% |
28 | Northwestern University (NU), United States of America (USA) | 88.13 | 105.94 | 285 | 11.3% |
29 | University of Michigan (U-M), United States of America (USA) | 104.89 | 101.44 | 376 | -10.5% |
30 | University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), United States of America (USA) | 105.76 | 100.67 | 338 | -11.9% |
31 | Cornell University, United States of America (USA) | 105.78 | 100.38 | 294 | -12.2% |
32 | University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), United States of America (USA) | 105.12 | 99.70 | 323 | -12.2% |
33 | California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States of America (USA) | 126.87 | 99.37 | 400 | -27.5% |
34 | Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China | 79.81 | 97.86 | 248 | 13.5% |
35 | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland | 119.67 | 96.73 | 308 | -25.2% |
36 | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA) | 89.07 | 96.10 | 536 | -0.1% |
37 | University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP), United States of America (USA) | 87.20 | 95.68 | 403 | 1.6% |
38 | Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain | 94.57 | 93.82 | 617 | -8.2% |
39 | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), United States of America (USA) | 90.77 | 92.09 | 318 | -6.1% |
40 | Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU), China | 60.86 | 90.53 | 315 | 37.7% |
41 | Seoul National University (SNU), South Korea | 78.08 | 89.98 | 284 | 6.7% |
42 | Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), China | 83.02 | 87.30 | 281 | -2.7% |
43 | The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), United States of America (USA) | 87.58 | 87.21 | 335 | -7.8% |
44 | Kyoto University, Japan | 81.71 | 86.95 | 282 | -1.5% |
45 | Imperial College London (ICL), United Kingdom (UK) | 95.78 | 82.74 | 374 | -20.1% |
46 | National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan | 69.48 | 81.82 | 329 | 9.0% |
47 | Sichuan University (SCU), China | 47.46 | 81.47 | 172 | 58.9% |
48 | Tianjin University (TJU), China | 56.04 | 80.85 | 209 | 33.5% |
49 | Columbia University in the City of New York (CU), United States of America (USA) | 80.38 | 77.02 | 255 | -11.3% |
50 | The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), United States of America (USA) | 89.67 | 76.74 | 281 | -20.8% |
51 | Nankai University (NKU), China | 61.26 | 76.45 | 188 | 15.5% |
52 | Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany | 61.19 | 75.86 | 319 | 14.7% |
53 | The University of Chicago (UChicago), United States of America (USA) | 95.43 | 74.81 | 323 | -27.4% |
54 | Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), China | 38.84 | 73.62 | 177 | 75.4% |
55 | University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), United States of America (USA) | 79.75 | 71.25 | 227 | -17.3% |
56 | Shandong University (SDU), China | 43.24 | 69.69 | 236 | 49.2% |
57 | Jilin University (JLU), China | 52.04 | 69.28 | 149 | 23.2% |
58 | RIKEN, Japan | 73.21 | 68.96 | 330 | -12.8% |
59 | Wuhan University (WHU), China | 53.70 | 68.88 | 222 | 18.7% |
60 | Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), China | 59.37 | 68.87 | 175 | 7.4% |
61 | Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS), Israel | 71.02 | 68.78 | 196 | -10.4% |
62 | Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea | 50.87 | 68.42 | 192 | 24.5% |
63 | University of Pennsylvania (Penn), United States of America (USA) | 69.22 | 67.35 | 192 | -10.0% |
64 | Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), United States of America (USA) | 58.37 | 67.32 | 221 | 6.7% |
65 | Hunan University (HNU), China | 40.00 | 64.61 | 168 | 49.5% |
66 | University of Toronto (U of T), Canada | 82.83 | 64.32 | 211 | -28.1% |
67 | Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), South Korea | 50.39 | 64.00 | 221 | 17.6% |
68 | Beihang University (BUAA), China | 54.25 | 62.84 | 305 | 7.2% |
69 | Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), United States of America (USA) | 57.94 | 62.06 | 241 | -0.9% |
70 | National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States of America (USA) | 63.19 | 61.83 | 234 | -9.4% |
71 | South China University of Technology (SCUT), China | 41.75 | 61.46 | 140 | 36.2% |
72 | Leibniz Association, Germany | 60.08 | 61.42 | 373 | -5.4% |
73 | University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Denmark | 56.90 | 60.73 | 238 | -1.2% |
74 | Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), India | 38.80 | 60.56 | 188 | 44.4% |
75 | University of Colorado Boulder (CU-Boulder), United States of America (USA) | 58.69 | 58.71 | 278 | -7.4% |
76 | Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (IIT), Israel | 65.06 | 57.73 | 173 | -17.9% |
77 | Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea | 41.36 | 57.38 | 215 | 28.4% |
78 | Yonsei University, South Korea | 44.32 | 57.25 | 230 | 19.6% |
79 | Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), United States of America (USA) | 71.15 | 57.10 | 356 | -25.7% |
80 | National Research Council (CNR), Italy | 49.12 | 56.43 | 278 | 6.3% |
81 | Tohoku University, Japan | 65.07 | 56.32 | 245 | -19.9% |
82 | Purdue University, United States of America (USA) | 67.63 | 56.19 | 201 | -23.1% |
83 | Tongji University, China | 26.06 | 55.98 | 129 | 98.8% |
84 | Durham University, United Kingdom (UK) | 46.68 | 55.48 | 178 | 10.0% |
85 | University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison), United States of America (USA) | 53.53 | 54.97 | 275 | -5.0% |
86 | City University of Hong Kong (CityU), China | 42.73 | 54.68 | 163 | 18.4% |
87 | The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), China | 49.04 | 54.49 | 228 | 2.8% |
88 | UCL, United Kingdom (UK) | 51.46 | 53.73 | 307 | -3.4% |
89 | Shenzhen University (SZU), China | 33.32 | 53.37 | 153 | 48.3% |
90 | Lanzhou University (LZU), China | 32.75 | 53.17 | 123 | 50.2% |
91 | University of Washington (UW), United States of America (USA) | 62.33 | 52.79 | 314 | -21.6% |
92 | University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Australia | 43.13 | 52.74 | 170 | 13.2% |
93 | RWTH Aachen University (RWTH Aachen), Germany | 33.72 | 51.82 | 277 | 42.2% |
94 | Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), China | 54.31 | 51.74 | 122 | -11.8% |
95 | Yale University, United States of America (USA) | 78.19 | 51.57 | 275 | -39.0% |
96 | Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States of America (USA) | 53.94 | 51.36 | 254 | -11.9% |
97 | Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU), Germany | 47.78 | 50.67 | 285 | -1.8% |
98 | University of Minnesota (UMN), United States of America (USA) | 49.70 | 49.59 | 242 | -7.6% |
99 | Xiamen University (XMU), China | 50.93 | 49.22 | 130 | -10.5% |
100 | European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland | 51.50 | 48.75 | 355 | -12.4% |
Footnote
Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:
- The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences and health sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
- The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 145 natural-science and health-science journals. The journals were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields. The list is reviewed periodically and journals may be removed or added. Articles from eLife were no longer included in the Nature Index from 2023 after the journal changed its publishing model.
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The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen research leaders.
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