The 2022 Research Leaders are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021.
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| # | Institution | Share 2020 | Share 2021 | Count 2021 | Change in Adjusted Share* 2020–2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China | 951.16 | 1008.31 | 2886 | 3.8% |
| 2 | University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), China | 246.15 | 272.01 | 623 | 8.2% |
| 3 | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), China | 195.48 | 264.68 | 1183 | 32.6% |
| 4 | Nanjing University (NJU), China | 215.28 | 235.15 | 431 | 7.0% |
| 5 | Max Planck Society, Germany | 239.71 | 231.19 | 610 | -5.5% |
| 6 | Tsinghua University, China | 173.72 | 207.98 | 518 | 17.2% |
| 7 | French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France | 219.91 | 205.96 | 1029 | -8.3% |
| 8 | Nankai University (NKU), China | 155.63 | 202.28 | 370 | 27.3% |
| 9 | Fudan University, China | 138.33 | 199.14 | 379 | 41.0% |
| 10 | Zhejiang University (ZJU), China | 169.16 | 195.39 | 400 | 13.1% |
| 11 | Peking University (PKU), China | 180.12 | 190.35 | 687 | 3.5% |
| 12 | Sichuan University (SCU), China | 153.90 | 170.97 | 262 | 8.8% |
| 13 | Soochow University, China | 138.99 | 159.21 | 282 | 12.2% |
| 14 | Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, Germany | 130.92 | 156.01 | 571 | 16.7% |
| 15 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States of America (USA) | 142.30 | 153.64 | 344 | 5.7% |
| 16 | Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), China | 142.94 | 152.36 | 374 | 4.4% |
| 17 | The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan | 162.21 | 151.76 | 298 | -8.4% |
| 18 | Xiamen University (XMU), China | 128.09 | 139.25 | 260 | 6.5% |
| 19 | Jilin University (JLU), China | 138.78 | 139.22 | 243 | -1.8% |
| 20 | Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU), China | 114.03 | 138.57 | 303 | 19.0% |
| 21 | Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), China | 124.42 | 135.64 | 329 | 6.8% |
| 22 | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland | 120.63 | 135.62 | 286 | 10.1% |
| 23 | Northwestern University (NU), United States of America (USA) | 145.51 | 133.79 | 257 | -10.0% |
| 24 | National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore | 137.52 | 131.59 | 349 | -6.3% |
| 25 | Stanford University, United States of America (USA) | 144.67 | 130.89 | 295 | -11.4% |
| 26 | Hunan University (HNU), China | 101.74 | 123.73 | 204 | 19.1% |
| 27 | Wuhan University (WHU), China | 120.79 | 122.87 | 218 | -0.4% |
| 28 | Kyoto University, Japan | 134.75 | 121.69 | 257 | -11.6% |
| 29 | Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore | 112.91 | 121.57 | 288 | 5.5% |
| 30 | Harvard University, United States of America (USA) | 104.17 | 118.96 | 286 | 11.8% |
| 31 | University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK) | 125.07 | 115.69 | 273 | -9.4% |
| 32 | Tianjin University (TJU), China | 117.80 | 113.84 | 317 | -5.4% |
| 33 | University of Oxford, United Kingdom (UK) | 120.87 | 113.74 | 264 | -7.8% |
| 34 | University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), United States of America (USA) | 128.52 | 112.75 | 284 | -14.1% |
| 35 | South China University of Technology (SCUT), China | 76.06 | 110.47 | 225 | 42.2% |
| 36 | Shandong University (SDU), China | 71.07 | 109.40 | 224 | 50.8% |
| 37 | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland | 115.26 | 106.58 | 195 | -9.4% |
| 38 | Osaka University, Japan | 107.51 | 100.65 | 190 | -8.3% |
| 39 | Zhengzhou University (ZZU), China | 79.23 | 93.04 | 302 | 15.0% |
| 40 | Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), China | 53.61 | 92.33 | 193 | 68.7% |
| 41 | East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), China | 96.76 | 91.28 | 153 | -7.6% |
| 42 | University of Münster (WWU), Germany | 74.95 | 90.26 | 132 | 17.9% |
| 43 | Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia | 86.06 | 89.69 | 216 | 2.1% |
| 44 | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), United States of America (USA) | 83.70 | 88.34 | 169 | 3.4% |
| 45 | Seoul National University (SNU), South Korea | 97.40 | 87.77 | 174 | -11.8% |
| 46 | The University of Chicago (UChicago), United States of America (USA) | 75.92 | 86.31 | 181 | 11.3% |
| 47 | Fuzhou University (FZU), China | 50.38 | 86.23 | 185 | 67.6% |
| 48 | East China Normal University (ECNU), China | 85.72 | 85.15 | 196 | -2.7% |
| 49 | Dalian University of Technology (DUT), China | 55.45 | 83.82 | 170 | 48.0% |
| 50 | Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech), Japan | 77.70 | 82.83 | 151 | 4.4% |
| 51 | University of Toronto (U of T), Canada | 103.88 | 81.63 | 137 | -23.0% |
| 52 | Lanzhou University (LZU), China | 70.25 | 81.62 | 158 | 13.8% |
| 53 | University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), United States of America (USA) | 96.88 | 81.47 | 184 | -17.6% |
| 54 | University of Michigan (U-M), United States of America (USA) | 92.48 | 80.85 | 155 | -14.4% |
| 55 | Chongqing University (CQU), China | 38.64 | 79.68 | 136 | 101.9% |
| 56 | Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China | 70.91 | 78.97 | 200 | 9.1% |
| 57 | Leibniz Association, Germany | 84.49 | 78.23 | 249 | -9.3% |
| 58 | The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), United States of America (USA) | 96.24 | 76.25 | 173 | -22.4% |
| 59 | Shandong Normal University (SDNU), China | 63.96 | 75.63 | 104 | 15.8% |
| 60 | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA) | 83.60 | 74.41 | 318 | -12.8% |
| 61 | University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), United States of America (USA) | 74.16 | 74.19 | 140 | -2.0% |
| 62 | Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), China | 81.78 | 73.83 | 154 | -11.6% |
| 63 | Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany | 59.06 | 73.14 | 168 | 21.3% |
| 64 | University of Pennsylvania (Penn), United States of America (USA) | 71.39 | 71.84 | 139 | -1.4% |
| 65 | Imperial College London (ICL), United Kingdom (UK) | 73.48 | 71.79 | 206 | -4.3% |
| 66 | Central South University (CSU), China | 40.42 | 71.47 | 134 | 73.2% |
| 67 | The University of Manchester (UoM), United Kingdom (UK) | 78.97 | 70.76 | 151 | -12.2% |
| 68 | Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea | 86.70 | 69.20 | 152 | -21.8% |
| 69 | University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison), United States of America (USA) | 78.38 | 68.33 | 122 | -14.6% |
| 70 | California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States of America (USA) | 64.39 | 68.15 | 141 | 3.7% |
| 71 | Purdue University, United States of America (USA) | 75.79 | 67.37 | 127 | -12.9% |
| 72 | Cornell University, United States of America (USA) | 90.95 | 66.27 | 156 | -28.6% |
| 73 | University of Minnesota (UMN), United States of America (USA) | 65.03 | 65.41 | 120 | -1.5% |
| 74 | University of Washington (UW), United States of America (USA) | 58.78 | 65.15 | 149 | 8.6% |
| 75 | Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), China | 59.41 | 65.12 | 131 | 7.3% |
| 76 | Hokkaido University, Japan | 60.54 | 65.00 | 143 | 5.1% |
| 77 | Yale University, United States of America (USA) | 59.62 | 64.95 | 126 | 6.7% |
| 78 | Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), China | 57.51 | 63.85 | 151 | 8.7% |
| 79 | Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU), Germany | 58.95 | 63.14 | 154 | 4.9% |
| 80 | Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea | 47.53 | 62.81 | 134 | 29.4% |
| 81 | 89.67 | 62.61 | 109 | -31.6% | |
| 82 | The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), China | 42.62 | 62.40 | 210 | 43.4% |
| 83 | Nagoya University, Japan | 67.20 | 60.07 | 117 | -12.4% |
| 84 | King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia | 61.33 | 59.16 | 137 | -5.5% |
| 85 | Princeton University, United States of America (USA) | 65.65 | 58.46 | 124 | -12.8% |
| 86 | University of Würzburg (JMU), Germany | 59.52 | 57.80 | 116 | -4.9% |
| 87 | City University of Hong Kong (CityU), China | 57.93 | 57.27 | 175 | -3.2% |
| 88 | Shenzhen University (SZU), China | 49.07 | 57.17 | 168 | 14.1% |
| 89 | RWTH Aachen University (RWTH Aachen), Germany | 58.59 | 56.80 | 165 | -5.1% |
| 90 | Tongji University, China | 28.31 | 56.00 | 135 | 93.7% |
| 91 | Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), United States of America (USA) | 51.14 | 55.24 | 132 | 5.8% |
| 92 | Southwest University (SWU), China | 55.60 | 55.17 | 65 | -2.8% |
| 93 | Tohoku University, Japan | 62.35 | 54.79 | 137 | -13.9% |
| 94 | The Ohio State University (OSU), United States of America (USA) | 56.31 | 54.14 | 93 | -5.8% |
| 95 | University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), United States of America (USA) | 70.55 | 53.80 | 133 | -25.3% |
| 96 | Kyushu University, Japan | 60.49 | 52.82 | 113 | -14.5% |
| 97 | Scripps Research, United States of America (USA) | 64.79 | 52.80 | 101 | -20.2% |
| 98 | Beijing Normal University (BNU), China | 42.86 | 52.67 | 117 | 20.3% |
| 99 | National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan | 47.06 | 52.53 | 221 | 9.3% |
| 100 | University of California, Irvine (UCI), United States of America (USA) | 52.15 | 52.33 | 102 | -1.7% |
Footnote
Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:
- The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences and health sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
- The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 145 natural-science and health-science journals. The journals were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields. The list is reviewed periodically and journals may be removed or added. Articles from eLife were no longer included in the Nature Index from 2023 after the journal changed its publishing model.
- Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
- Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at nature.com/nature-index/.
- Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen research leaders.
Numerical information only is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
